Swin Transformer:层次化视觉 Transformer
本文介绍了Swin Transformer模型的代码复现情况。作者完成了BackBone代码迁移,ImageNet 1k预训练模型可用且精度对齐,模型代码和ImageNet 22k预训练模型将更新到PPIM项目。文中展示了模型组网代码,包括窗口划分、注意力机制等模块,还提供了预设模型及精度验证结果,Swin-T在验证集上top1准确率达81.19%。

引入
没有感情的论文复现机器又来整活了这次整一个前两天代码新鲜出炉的模型 Swin Transformer代码已经跑通,暂时只完成 BackBone 代码的迁移,ImageNet 1k 数据集预训练模型可用,精度对齐模型代码和 ImageNet 22k 预训练模型这几天会更新到 PPIM 项目中去参考资料
论文:Swin Transformer: Hierarchical Vision Transformer using Shifted Windows
免费影视、动漫、音乐、游戏、小说资源长期稳定更新! 👉 点此立即查看 👈
最新项目:microsoft/Swin-Transformer
才疏学浅,只会写写代码,就不班门弄斧解读这论文了
具体详解可以参考 @长风破浪会有时 大佬发布的项目 Swin Transformer,之前大佬写的 RepVGG 和 ReXNet 模型解析太强了
模型精度细节:
构建模型
依然需要依赖 PPIM 进行模型搭建安装依赖
In [ ]# 安装 PPIM!pip install ppim登录后复制
导入必要的包
In [1]import numpy as npimport paddleimport paddle.nn as nnimport paddle.vision.transforms as Tfrom ppim.models.vit import Mlpfrom ppim.models.common import to_2tuplefrom ppim.models.common import DropPath, Identityfrom ppim.models.common import trunc_normal_, zeros_, ones_登录后复制
模型组网
In [2]def window_partition(x, window_size): """ Args: x: (B, H, W, C) window_size (int): window size Returns: windows: (num_windows*B, window_size, window_size, C) """ B, H, W, C = x.shape x = x.reshape((B, H // window_size, window_size, W // window_size, window_size, C)) windows = x.transpose((0, 1, 3, 2, 4, 5)).reshape( (-1, window_size, window_size, C)) return windowsdef window_reverse(windows, window_size, H, W): """ Args: windows: (num_windows*B, window_size, window_size, C) window_size (int): Window size H (int): Height of image W (int): Width of image Returns: x: (B, H, W, C) """ B = int(windows.shape[0] / (H * W / window_size / window_size)) x = windows.reshape( (B, H // window_size, W // window_size, window_size, window_size, -1)) x = x.transpose((0, 1, 3, 2, 4, 5)).reshape((B, H, W, -1)) return xclass WindowAttention(nn.Layer): r""" Window based multi-head self attention (W-MSA) module with relative position bias. It supports both of shifted and non-shifted window. Args: dim (int): Number of input channels. window_size (tuple[int]): The height and width of the window. num_heads (int): Number of attention heads. qkv_bias (bool, optional): If True, add a learnable bias to query, key, value. Default: True qk_scale (float | None, optional): Override default qk scale of head_dim ** -0.5 if set attn_drop (float, optional): Dropout ratio of attention weight. Default: 0.0 proj_drop (float, optional): Dropout ratio of output. Default: 0.0 """ def __init__(self, dim, window_size, num_heads, qkv_bias=True, qk_scale=None, attn_drop=0., proj_drop=0.): super().__init__() self.dim = dim self.window_size = window_size # Wh, Ww self.num_heads = num_heads head_dim = dim // num_heads self.scale = qk_scale or head_dim ** -0.5 # define a parameter table of relative position bias self.relative_position_bias_table = self.create_parameter( shape=((2 * window_size[0] - 1) * (2 * window_size[1] - 1), num_heads), default_initializer=zeros_ ) # 2*Wh-1 * 2*Ww-1, nH self.add_parameter("relative_position_bias_table", self.relative_position_bias_table) # get pair-wise relative position index for each token inside the window coords_h = paddle.arange(self.window_size[0]) coords_w = paddle.arange(self.window_size[1]) coords = paddle.stack(paddle.meshgrid( [coords_h, coords_w])) # 2, Wh, Ww coords_flatten = paddle.flatten(coords, 1) # 2, Wh*Ww relative_coords = coords_flatten.unsqueeze(-1) - \ coords_flatten.unsqueeze(1) # 2, Wh*Ww, Wh*Ww relative_coords = relative_coords.transpose( (1, 2, 0)) # Wh*Ww, Wh*Ww, 2 relative_coords[:, :, 0] += self.window_size[0] - \ 1 # shift to start from 0 relative_coords[:, :, 1] += self.window_size[1] - 1 relative_coords[:, :, 0] *= 2 * self.window_size[1] - 1 relative_position_index = relative_coords.sum(-1) # Wh*Ww, Wh*Ww self.register_buffer("relative_position_index", relative_position_index) self.qkv = nn.Linear(dim, dim * 3, bias_attr=qkv_bias) self.attn_drop = nn.Dropout(attn_drop) self.proj = nn.Linear(dim, dim) self.proj_drop = nn.Dropout(proj_drop) trunc_normal_(self.relative_position_bias_table) self.softmax = nn.Softmax(axis=-1) def forward(self, x, mask=None): """ Args: x: input features with shape of (num_windows*B, N, C) mask: (0/-inf) mask with shape of (num_windows, Wh*Ww, Wh*Ww) or None """ B_, N, C = x.shape qkv = self.qkv(x).reshape((B_, N, 3, self.num_heads, C // self.num_heads)).transpose((2, 0, 3, 1, 4)) q, k, v = qkv[0], qkv[1], qkv[2] q = q * self.scale attn = q.matmul(k.transpose((0, 1, 3, 2))) relative_position_bias = paddle.index_select( self.relative_position_bias_table, self.relative_position_index.reshape((-1,)), axis=0).reshape( (self.window_size[0] * self.window_size[1], self.window_size[0] * self.window_size[1], -1)) relative_position_bias = relative_position_bias.transpose((2, 0, 1)) attn = attn + relative_position_bias.unsqueeze(0) if mask is not None: nW = mask.shape[0] attn = attn.reshape( (B_ // nW, nW, self.num_heads, N, N) ) + mask.unsqueeze(1).unsqueeze(0) attn = attn.reshape((-1, self.num_heads, N, N)) attn = self.softmax(attn) else: attn = self.softmax(attn) attn = self.attn_drop(attn) x = (attn.matmul(v)).transpose((0, 2, 1, 3)).reshape((B_, N, C)) x = self.proj(x) x = self.proj_drop(x) return xclass SwinTransformerBlock(nn.Layer): r""" Swin Transformer Block. Args: dim (int): Number of input channels. input_resolution (tuple[int]): Input resulotion. num_heads (int): Number of attention heads. window_size (int): Window size. shift_size (int): Shift size for SW-MSA. mlp_ratio (float): Ratio of mlp hidden dim to embedding dim. qkv_bias (bool, optional): If True, add a learnable bias to query, key, value. Default: True qk_scale (float | None, optional): Override default qk scale of head_dim ** -0.5 if set. drop (float, optional): Dropout rate. Default: 0.0 attn_drop (float, optional): Attention dropout rate. Default: 0.0 drop_path (float, optional): Stochastic depth rate. Default: 0.0 act_layer (nn.Layer, optional): Activation layer. Default: nn.GELU norm_layer (nn.Layer, optional): Normalization layer. Default: nn.LayerNorm """ def __init__(self, dim, input_resolution, num_heads, window_size=7, shift_size=0, mlp_ratio=4., qkv_bias=True, qk_scale=None, drop=0., attn_drop=0., drop_path=0., act_layer=nn.GELU, norm_layer=nn.LayerNorm): super().__init__() self.dim = dim self.input_resolution = input_resolution self.num_heads = num_heads self.window_size = window_size self.shift_size = shift_size self.mlp_ratio = mlp_ratio if min(self.input_resolution) <= self.window_size: # if window size is larger than input resolution, we don't partition windows self.shift_size = 0 self.window_size = min(self.input_resolution) assert 0 <= self.shift_size < self.window_size, "shift_size must in 0-window_size" self.norm1 = norm_layer(dim) self.attn = WindowAttention( dim, window_size=to_2tuple(self.window_size), num_heads=num_heads, qkv_bias=qkv_bias, qk_scale=qk_scale, attn_drop=attn_drop, proj_drop=drop) self.drop_path = DropPath(drop_path) if drop_path > 0. else Identity() self.norm2 = norm_layer(dim) mlp_hidden_dim = int(dim * mlp_ratio) self.mlp = Mlp(in_features=dim, hidden_features=mlp_hidden_dim, act_layer=act_layer, drop=drop) if self.shift_size > 0: # calculate attention mask for SW-MSA H, W = self.input_resolution img_mask = paddle.zeros((1, H, W, 1)) # 1 H W 1 h_slices = (slice(0, -self.window_size), slice(-self.window_size, -self.shift_size), slice(-self.shift_size, None)) w_slices = (slice(0, -self.window_size), slice(-self.window_size, -self.shift_size), slice(-self.shift_size, None)) cnt = 0 for h in h_slices: for w in w_slices: img_mask[:, h, w, :] = cnt cnt += 1 # nW, window_size, window_size, 1 mask_windows = window_partition(img_mask, self.window_size) mask_windows = mask_windows.reshape((-1, self.window_size * self.window_size)) attn_mask = mask_windows.unsqueeze(1) - mask_windows.unsqueeze(2) _h = paddle.full_like(attn_mask, -100.0, dtype='float32') _z = paddle.full_like(attn_mask, 0.0, dtype='float32') attn_mask = paddle.where(attn_mask != 0, _h, _z) else: attn_mask = None self.register_buffer("attn_mask", attn_mask) def forward(self, x): H, W = self.input_resolution B, L, C = x.shape assert L == H * W, "input feature has wrong size" shortcut = x x = self.norm1(x) x = x.reshape((B, H, W, C)) # cyclic shift if self.shift_size > 0: shifted_x = paddle.roll( x, shifts=(-self.shift_size, -self.shift_size), axis=(1, 2)) else: shifted_x = x # partition windows # nW*B, window_size, window_size, C x_windows = window_partition(shifted_x, self.window_size) # nW*B, window_size*window_size, C x_windows = x_windows.reshape( (-1, self.window_size * self.window_size, C)) # W-MSA/SW-MSA # nW*B, window_size*window_size, C attn_windows = self.attn(x_windows, mask=self.attn_mask) # merge windows attn_windows = attn_windows.reshape( (-1, self.window_size, self.window_size, C)) shifted_x = window_reverse( attn_windows, self.window_size, H, W) # B H' W' C # reverse cyclic shift if self.shift_size > 0: x = paddle.roll(shifted_x, shifts=( self.shift_size, self.shift_size), axis=(1, 2)) else: x = shifted_x x = x.reshape((B, H * W, C)) # FFN x = shortcut + self.drop_path(x) x = x + self.drop_path(self.mlp(self.norm2(x))) return xclass PatchMerging(nn.Layer): r""" Patch Merging Layer. Args: input_resolution (tuple[int]): Resolution of input feature. dim (int): Number of input channels. norm_layer (nn.Layer, optional): Normalization layer. Default: nn.LayerNorm """ def __init__(self, input_resolution, dim, norm_layer=nn.LayerNorm): super().__init__() self.input_resolution = input_resolution self.dim = dim self.reduction = nn.Linear(4 * dim, 2 * dim, bias_attr=False) self.norm = norm_layer(4 * dim) def forward(self, x): """ x: B, H*W, C """ H, W = self.input_resolution B, L, C = x.shape assert L == H * W, "input feature has wrong size" assert H % 2 == 0 and W % 2 == 0, f"x size ({H}*{W}) are not even." x = x.reshape((B, H, W, C)) x0 = x[:, 0::2, 0::2, :] # B H/2 W/2 C x1 = x[:, 1::2, 0::2, :] # B H/2 W/2 C x2 = x[:, 0::2, 1::2, :] # B H/2 W/2 C x3 = x[:, 1::2, 1::2, :] # B H/2 W/2 C x = paddle.concat([x0, x1, x2, x3], -1) # B H/2 W/2 4*C x = x.reshape((B, -1, 4 * C)) # B H/2*W/2 4*C x = self.norm(x) x = self.reduction(x) return xclass BasicLayer(nn.Layer): """ A basic Swin Transformer layer for one stage. Args: dim (int): Number of input channels. input_resolution (tuple[int]): Input resolution. depth (int): Number of blocks. num_heads (int): Number of attention heads. window_size (int): Local window size. mlp_ratio (float): Ratio of mlp hidden dim to embedding dim. qkv_bias (bool, optional): If True, add a learnable bias to query, key, value. Default: True qk_scale (float | None, optional): Override default qk scale of head_dim ** -0.5 if set. drop (float, optional): Dropout rate. Default: 0.0 attn_drop (float, optional): Attention dropout rate. Default: 0.0 drop_path (float | tuple[float], optional): Stochastic depth rate. Default: 0.0 norm_layer (nn.Layer, optional): Normalization layer. Default: nn.LayerNorm downsample (nn.Layer | None, optional): Downsample layer at the end of the layer. Default: None """ def __init__(self, dim, input_resolution, depth, num_heads, window_size, mlp_ratio=4., qkv_bias=True, qk_scale=None, drop=0., attn_drop=0., drop_path=0., norm_layer=nn.LayerNorm, downsample=None): super().__init__() self.dim = dim self.input_resolution = input_resolution self.depth = depth # build blocks self.blocks = nn.LayerList([ SwinTransformerBlock(dim=dim, input_resolution=input_resolution, num_heads=num_heads, window_size=window_size, shift_size=0 if ( i % 2 == 0) else window_size // 2, mlp_ratio=mlp_ratio, qkv_bias=qkv_bias, qk_scale=qk_scale, drop=drop, attn_drop=attn_drop, drop_path=drop_path[i] if isinstance( drop_path, np.ndarray) else drop_path, norm_layer=norm_layer) for i in range(depth)]) # patch merging layer if downsample is not None: self.downsample = downsample( input_resolution, dim=dim, norm_layer=norm_layer) else: self.downsample = None def forward(self, x): for blk in self.blocks: x = blk(x) if self.downsample is not None: x = self.downsample(x) return xclass PatchEmbed(nn.Layer): r""" Image to Patch Embedding Args: img_size (int): Image size. Default: 224. patch_size (int): Patch token size. Default: 4. in_chans (int): Number of input image channels. Default: 3. embed_dim (int): Number of linear projection output channels. Default: 96. norm_layer (nn.Layer, optional): Normalization layer. Default: None """ def __init__(self, img_size=224, patch_size=4, in_chans=3, embed_dim=96, norm_layer=None): super().__init__() img_size = to_2tuple(img_size) patch_size = to_2tuple(patch_size) patches_resolution = [img_size[0] // patch_size[0], img_size[1] // patch_size[1]] self.img_size = img_size self.patch_size = patch_size self.patches_resolution = patches_resolution self.num_patches = patches_resolution[0] * patches_resolution[1] self.in_chans = in_chans self.embed_dim = embed_dim self.proj = nn.Conv2D(in_chans, embed_dim, kernel_size=patch_size, stride=patch_size) if norm_layer is not None: self.norm = norm_layer(embed_dim) else: self.norm = None def forward(self, x): B, C, H, W = x.shape # FIXME look at relaxing size constraints assert H == self.img_size[0] and W == self.img_size[1], \ f"Input image size ({H}*{W}) doesn't match model ({self.img_size[0]}*{self.img_size[1]})." x = self.proj(x).flatten(2).transpose((0, 2, 1)) # B Ph*Pw C if self.norm is not None: x = self.norm(x) return xclass SwinTransformer(nn.Layer): r""" Swin Transformer A Paddle impl of : `Swin Transformer: Hierarchical Vision Transformer using Shifted Windows` - https://arxiv.org/pdf/2103.14030 Args: img_size (int | tuple(int)): Input image size. Default 224 patch_size (int | tuple(int)): Patch size. Default: 4 in_chans (int): Number of input image channels. Default: 3 class_dim (int): Number of classes for classification head. Default: 1000 embed_dim (int): Patch embedding dimension. Default: 96 depths (tuple(int)): Depth of each Swin Transformer layer. num_heads (tuple(int)): Number of attention heads in different layers. window_size (int): Window size. Default: 7 mlp_ratio (float): Ratio of mlp hidden dim to embedding dim. Default: 4 qkv_bias (bool): If True, add a learnable bias to query, key, value. Default: True qk_scale (float): Override default qk scale of head_dim ** -0.5 if set. Default: None drop_rate (float): Dropout rate. Default: 0 attn_drop_rate (float): Attention dropout rate. Default: 0 drop_path_rate (float): Stochastic depth rate. Default: 0.1 norm_layer (nn.Layer): Normalization layer. Default: nn.LayerNorm. ape (bool): If True, add absolute position embedding to the patch embedding. Default: False patch_norm (bool): If True, add normalization after patch embedding. Default: True """ def __init__(self, img_size=224, patch_size=4, in_chans=3, embed_dim=96, depths=[2, 2, 6, 2], num_heads=[3, 6, 12, 24], window_size=7, mlp_ratio=4., qkv_bias=True, qk_scale=None, drop_rate=0., attn_drop_rate=0., drop_path_rate=0.1, norm_layer=nn.LayerNorm, ape=False, patch_norm=True, class_dim=1000, with_pool=True, **kwargs): super().__init__() self.class_dim = class_dim self.with_pool = with_pool self.num_layers = len(depths) self.embed_dim = embed_dim self.ape = ape self.patch_norm = patch_norm self.num_features = int(embed_dim * 2 ** (self.num_layers - 1)) self.mlp_ratio = mlp_ratio # split image into non-overlapping patches self.patch_embed = PatchEmbed( img_size=img_size, patch_size=patch_size, in_chans=in_chans, embed_dim=embed_dim, norm_layer=norm_layer if self.patch_norm else None) num_patches = self.patch_embed.num_patches patches_resolution = self.patch_embed.patches_resolution self.patches_resolution = patches_resolution # absolute position embedding if self.ape: self.absolute_pos_embed = self.create_parameter( shape=(1, num_patches, embed_dim), default_initializer=zeros_ ) self.add_parameter("absolute_pos_embed", self.absolute_pos_embed) trunc_normal_(self.absolute_pos_embed) self.pos_drop = nn.Dropout(p=drop_rate) # stochastic depth dpr = np.linspace(0, drop_path_rate, sum(depths)) # build layers self.layers = nn.LayerList() for i_layer in range(self.num_layers): layer = BasicLayer(dim=int(embed_dim * 2 ** i_layer), input_resolution=(patches_resolution[0] // (2 ** i_layer), patches_resolution[1] // (2 ** i_layer)), depth=depths[i_layer], num_heads=num_heads[i_layer], window_size=window_size, mlp_ratio=self.mlp_ratio, qkv_bias=qkv_bias, qk_scale=qk_scale, drop=drop_rate, attn_drop=attn_drop_rate, drop_path=dpr[sum(depths[:i_layer]):sum( depths[:i_layer + 1])], norm_layer=norm_layer, downsample=PatchMerging if ( i_layer < self.num_layers - 1) else None ) self.layers.append(layer) self.norm = norm_layer(self.num_features) if with_pool: self.avgpool = nn.AdaptiveAvgPool1D(1) if class_dim > 0: self.head = nn.Linear(self.num_features, class_dim) self.apply(self._init_weights) def _init_weights(self, m): if isinstance(m, nn.Linear): trunc_normal_(m.weight) if isinstance(m, nn.Linear) and m.bias is not None: zeros_(m.bias) elif isinstance(m, nn.LayerNorm): zeros_(m.bias) ones_(m.weight) def forward_features(self, x): x = self.patch_embed(x) if self.ape: x = x + self.absolute_pos_embed x = self.pos_drop(x) for layer in self.layers: x = layer(x) x = self.norm(x) # B L C return x.transpose((0, 2, 1)) # B C 1 def forward(self, x): x = self.forward_features(x) if self.with_pool: x = self.avgpool(x) if self.class_dim > 0: x = paddle.flatten(x, 1) x = self.head(x) return x登录后复制 验证集数据处理
In [3]def get_transforms(resize, crop): transforms = [T.Resize(resize, interpolation='bicubic')] if crop: transforms.append(T.CenterCrop(crop)) transforms.append(T.ToTensor()) transforms.append(T.Normalize( mean=[0.485, 0.456, 0.406], std=[0.229, 0.224, 0.225])) transforms = T.Compose(transforms) return transformstransforms_224 = get_transforms(256, 224)transforms_384 = get_transforms((384, 384), None)登录后复制
预设模型
In [4]def swin_ti(pretrained=False, **kwargs): model = SwinTransformer(**kwargs) if pretrained: model.set_dict(paddle.load('data/data80934/swin_tiny_patch2_window7_224.pdparams')) return model, transforms_224def swin_s(pretrained=False, **kwargs): model = SwinTransformer( depths=[2, 2, 18, 2], num_heads=[3, 6, 12, 24] ** kwargs ) if pretrained: model.set_dict(paddle.load('data/data80934/swin_small_patch2_window7_224.pdparams')) return model, transforms_224def swin_b(pretrained=False, **kwargs): model = SwinTransformer( embed_dim=128, depths=[2, 2, 18, 2], num_heads=[4, 8, 16, 32] ** kwargs ) if pretrained: model.set_dict(paddle.load('data/data80934/swin_base_patch2_window7_224.pdparams')) return model, transforms_224def swin_b_384(pretrained=False, **kwargs): model = SwinTransformer( img_size=384, embed_dim=128, depths=[2, 2, 18, 2], num_heads=[4, 8, 16, 32], window_size=12, **kwargs ) if pretrained: model.set_dict(paddle.load('data/data80934/swin_base_patch2_window12_384.pdparams')) return model, transforms_384登录后复制 精度验证
解压数据集
In [ ]# 解压数据集!mkdir ~/data/ILSVRC2012!tar -xf ~/data/data68594/ILSVRC2012_img_val.tar -C ~/data/ILSVRC2012登录后复制
模型验证
In [5]import osimport cv2import numpy as npimport paddle# from ppim import pit_b_distilledfrom PIL import Image# 构建数据集class ILSVRC2012(paddle.io.Dataset): def __init__(self, root, label_list, transform, backend='pil'): self.transform = transform self.root = root self.label_list = label_list self.backend = backend self.load_datas() def load_datas(self): self.imgs = [] self.labels = [] with open(self.label_list, 'r') as f: for line in f: img, label = line[:-1].split(' ') self.imgs.append(os.path.join(self.root, img)) self.labels.append(int(label)) def __getitem__(self, idx): label = self.labels[idx] image = self.imgs[idx] if self.backend=='cv2': image = cv2.imread(image) else: image = Image.open(image).convert('RGB') image = self.transform(image) return image.astype('float32'), np.array(label).astype('int64') def __len__(self): return len(self.imgs)# 配置模型model, val_transforms = swin_ti(pretrained=True)model = paddle.Model(model)model.prepare(metrics=paddle.metric.Accuracy(topk=(1, 5)))# 配置数据集val_dataset = ILSVRC2012('data/ILSVRC2012', transform=val_transforms, label_list='data/data68594/val_list.txt')# 模型验证model.evaluate(val_dataset, batch_size=512)登录后复制 Eval begin...The loss value printed in the log is the current batch, and the metric is the average value of previous step.登录后复制
/opt/conda/envs/python35-paddle120-env/lib/python3.7/site-packages/paddle/fluid/layers/utils.py:77: DeprecationWarning: Using or importing the ABCs from 'collections' instead of from 'collections.abc' is deprecated, and in 3.8 it will stop working return (isinstance(seq, collections.Sequence) and登录后复制
step 10/98 - acc_top1: 0.8164 - acc_top5: 0.9547 - 7s/stepstep 20/98 - acc_top1: 0.8155 - acc_top5: 0.9549 - 7s/stepstep 30/98 - acc_top1: 0.8113 - acc_top5: 0.9542 - 7s/stepstep 40/98 - acc_top1: 0.8113 - acc_top5: 0.9543 - 7s/stepstep 50/98 - acc_top1: 0.8115 - acc_top5: 0.9547 - 7s/stepstep 60/98 - acc_top1: 0.8115 - acc_top5: 0.9547 - 7s/stepstep 70/98 - acc_top1: 0.8107 - acc_top5: 0.9550 - 7s/stepstep 80/98 - acc_top1: 0.8116 - acc_top5: 0.9549 - 7s/stepstep 90/98 - acc_top1: 0.8113 - acc_top5: 0.9549 - 6s/stepstep 98/98 - acc_top1: 0.8119 - acc_top5: 0.9551 - 6s/stepEval samples: 50000登录后复制
{'acc_top1': 0.81186, 'acc_top5': 0.9551}登录后复制 相关攻略
常见报错解析:“Access Not Configured”故障排除指南 许多开发者和团队成员在使用OpenClaw集成飞书时,都曾遭遇过一个典型的中断提示:“access not configured”(访问未配置)。该提示会明确显示您的飞书账户ID及一组唯一的配对验证码,并指出需要联系机器人所有
OpenClaw 常用指令大全与使用详解 openclaw status:此命令是查看OpenClaw系统整体健康状态的核心指令,执行后即获取服务运行状况的全面报告,是日常运维的首要诊断工具。 openclaw gateway restart:在修改网关配置后,必须运行此指令以重启网关服务,使配置文
如何通过 OpenClaw 实现 Chrome 浏览器自动化操控 在软件开发与自动化测试领域,持续学习是常态。本文旨在详细介绍如何利用 OpenClaw 连接并控制一个已开启的 Chrome 浏览器实例,实现点击、文本输入、文件上传、页面滚动、屏幕截图以及执行 JavaScript 等自动化操作。整
项目概述 你是否希望将强大的 AI 助手带入日常聊天?本教程将指导你完成搭建流程,让你能在 QQ 上直接调用 OpenClaw 智能助手,实现无门槛的 AI 对话体验。 架构说明 ┌─────────────┐ ┌──────────────┐ ┌─────────────┐ │ QQ 用户 │ ─
一 下载并安装Node js,全程保持默认设置 首先,请前往Node js官方网站的下载中心:https: nodejs org zh-cn download。根据您的操作系统(Windows Mac Linux)下载对应的安装程序。运行安装向导时,整个过程非常简单,您只需连续点击“下一步”按钮
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